Why might an individual refuse a blood transfusion in a living will?

An individual may refuse a blood transfusion in a living will primarily due to personal or religious beliefs. Many individuals hold strong convictions based on their cultural, ethical, or spiritual values that influence their healthcare decisions. For example, certain religious groups, such as Jehovah's Witnesses, believe that accepting blood transfusions is against their faith. As a result, they may clearly articulate in their living will that they do not wish to receive a blood transfusion, regardless of the consequences for their health. This refusal reflects a deep commitment to their beliefs and the desire to have their values honored in medical decision-making.

While concerns about cost, medical allergies, and standard treatment protocols may inform a person's healthcare preferences, they do not typically drive the same level of personal conviction that would lead to a refusal in a living will. In the context of advance directives, it is vital to respect and recognize the authority of individuals to make choices based on their beliefs and values.